Biography of Robert Smalls Civil War Hero, Congressman

Born a slave in 1839, Robert Smalls was a sailor who escaped to freedom and changed the course of history during the Civil War. Later, he was elected to the House of Representatives, becoming one of the first African American members of Congress. Fast Facts: Robert Smalls Occupation: Sailor, U.S. CongressmanKnown For:  Became a Civil War hero by providing the Union Navy with intelligence after being enslaved aboard a Confederate ship; later, elected to the U.S. Congress.Born:  April 5, 1839 in Beaufort, South CarolinaDied:  February 23, 1915 in Beaufort, South Carolina Early Years Robert Smalls was born on April 5, 1839 in Beaufort, South Carolina. His mother, Lydia Polite, was a house slave owned by Henry McKee; although his paternity was never formally documented, it is possible that McKee was Smalls’ father. Smalls was sent to work in McKee’s fields as a child, but once he reached adolescence, McKee sent him to Charleston to work. As was commonplace at the time, McKee was paid for Smalls’ labor. At some point during his teen years, he found work on the docks in Charleston’s harbor, and he worked his way up from longshoreman to rigger, and eventually to the position of sailmaker by the time he was seventeen. He moved through various jobs until he became a sailor. Eventually, he struck a deal with his master, which enabled him to keep his earnings of approximately $15 per month. When war broke out in 1861, Smalls was working as a sailor on a ship called the Planter. Interim Archives / Getty Images Escape to Freedom Smalls was an accomplished sailor, and was extremely familiar with the waterways around Charleston. In addition to being a sailor on the Planter, he sometimes worked as the wheelman—essentially, a pilot, although he was not allowed to hold that title because of his status as a slave. A few months after the Civil War began in April 1861, he was given the task of steering the Planter, a Confederate military ship, along the coast of the Carolinas and Georgia, while Union blockades sat nearby. He worked diligently at this job for nearly a year, but at some point, he and other enslaved crew members realized they had an opportunity for escape: the Union ships in the Harbor. Smalls began to craft a plan. In May 1862, Planter docked in Charleston and loaded up several large guns, ammunition, and firewood. When the officers on the ship disembarked for the night, Smalls put on the captain’s hat, and he and the other enslaved crewmen sailed out of the harbor. They stopped along the way to pick up their families, who were waiting nearby, and then headed straight to the Union ships, with a white flag displayed in place of the Confederate banner. Smalls and his men immediately surrendered the ship and all of its cargo to the Union Navy. Interim Archives / Getty Images Thanks to his knowledge of the Confederate ships’ activities in Charleston Harbor, Smalls was able to provide the Union officers with a detailed map of fortifications and underwater mines, as well as the captain’s codebook. This, along with other intelligence he provided, soon proved Smalls to be valuable to the Northern cause, and was quickly hailed as a hero for his work. Fighting for the Union After Smalls surrendered the Planter to the Union, it was decided that he and his crew should be awarded the prize money for the ship’s capture. He was given a position with the Union Navy as the pilot of a ship called Crusader, which scoured the Carolina coast finding mines that Smalls had helped place when aboard the Planter. In addition to his work for the Navy, Smalls traveled periodically to Washington, D.C., where he met with a Methodist minister who was trying to persuade Abraham Lincoln to allow black men to join the Union Army. Eventually, Secretary of War Edwin Stanton signed an order creating a pair of black regiments, with five thousand African American men enlisting to fight in the Carolinas. Many of them had been recruited by Smalls himself. In addition to piloting Crusader, Smalls was sometimes behind the wheel of the Planter, his former ship. Over the course of the Civil War, he was involved in seventeen major engagements. Perhaps the most significant of these was when he piloted the ironclad Keokuk in the April 1863 attack on Fort Sumter, just off Charleston’s shore. The Keokuk sustained heavy damage and sank the next morning, but not before Smalls and the crew had escaped to the nearby Ironside. Later that year, Smalls was aboard the Planter near Secessionville when Confederate batteries opened fire upon the ship. Captain James Nickerson fled the wheelhouse and hid in the coal bunker, so Smalls took command of the wheel. Fearing that the black crew members would be treated as prisoners of war if captured, he refused to surrender, and instead managed to steer the ship to safety. As a result of his heroism, he was promoted to the rank of Captain by Department of the South Commander Quincy Adams Gillmore, and given the role of Acting Captain of the Planter. Political Career After the Civil War ended in 1865, Smalls returned to Beaufort and purchased the home in which his former owner had lived. His mother, who still lived in the house, resided with Smalls until she died. Over the next few years, Smalls taught himself to read and write, and founded a school for the children of former slaves. He established himself as a businessman, philanthropist, and newspaper publisher. During his life in Beaufort, Smalls became involved in local politics, and served as a delegate to the 1868 South Carolina Constitutional Convention in the hopes of making education free and mandatory for all children in the state. That same year, he was elected to the South Carolina House of Representatives, working tirelessly for civil rights. Within a few years, he was serving as a delegate to the Republican National Convention, and was soon appointed to the rank of lieutenant-colonel of the Third Regiment, South Carolina State Militia. By 1873, Smalls had his sights set on more than just state politics. He ran for office and was elected to the  United States House of Representatives, where he served as the voice of residents of South Carolinas predominantly black coastal region. Fluent in the Gullah language, Smalls was popular with his constituents, and was re-elected consistently until 1878, when he was charged with taking a bribe in the form of a printing contract. Smalls regained his political footing shortly thereafter, however. He served as a delegate once more to the 1895 South Carolina constitutional convention, where he fought against white politicians who aimed to disenfranchise his black neighbors with questionable voting laws. In 1915, at the age of 75, Smalls passed away from complications of diabetes and malaria. A statue was erected in his honor in downtown Beaufort. Sources Boley, Oklahoma (1903- ) | The Black Past: Remembered and Reclaimed, blackpast.org/aah/smalls-robert-1839-1915.Gates, Henry Louis. â€Å"Robert Smalls, from Escaped Slave to House of Representatives.†Ã‚  PBS, Public Broadcasting Service, 6 Nov. 2013, www.pbs.org/wnet/african-americans-many-rivers-to-cross/history/which-slave-sailed-himself-to-freedom/.Lineberry, Cate. â€Å"The Thrilling Tale of How Robert Smalls Seized a Confederate Ship and Sailed It to Freedom.†Ã‚  Smithsonian.com, Smithsonian Institution, 13 June 2017, www.smithsonianmag.com/history/thrilling-tale-how-robert-smalls-heroically-sailed-stolen-confederate-ship-freedom-180963689/.â€Å"Robert Smalls: Commander of the Planter During the American Civil War.†Ã‚  HistoryNet, 8 Aug. 2016, www.historynet.com/robert-smalls-commander-of-the-planter-during-the-american-civil-war.htm.

A Good Man Is Hard To Find by Mary Flannery O’Connor Essay

Mary Flannery O’Connor, the writer of many short stories known for their cruel endings and religious themes, wrote â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find† in 1955. â€Å"Her works combine flat realism with grotesque situations; violence occurs without apparent reason or preparation.† (Roberts 429). â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find† is about a southern family’s trip to Florida which takes a dramatic turn. This story was written in O’Connor’s first collection of short stories. â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find† is a compelling story of tragedy that utilizes humor and irony to draw the reader’s attention, and two major characters to convey the authors central theme. Throughout the short story â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find† O’Connor uses†¦show more content†¦June Star’s response was â€Å"No I certainly wouldn’t. â€Å"I wouldn’t live in a broken-down place like this for a million bu cks!† There are many more humorous descriptions in â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find† these are examples of descriptions that our slightly more obvious in humor. As stated before O’Connor’s use of humor is one element that helps to enhance the story and draw the reader’s attention. After reading â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard To Findâ€Å" the irony of the story is very clear. The first sentence in this short story is â€Å"The grandmother didn’t want to go to Florida.† In fact, the grandmother goes on to try to persuade her son Bailey and is wife not to take their trip to Florida but Tennessee instead. The grandmother informs her family about the fellow, the misfit, and all the horrible things he says he has done to people. â€Å"Just you read it I wouldn’t take my children in any direction with a criminal like that a loose in it. I couldn’t answer to my conscience if I did.† Ironically, that is exactly what she does w hen she convinces her son Bailey to take the family down a deserted road to see a house with secret panels. The grandma’s sudden recollectionShow MoreRelatedMary Flannery OConnor: One of the Best Short Story Writers of Her Day684 Words   |  3 PagesOne of the best short story writers of her day, Mary Flannery O’Connor was a brilliant writer, and still is, highly acclaimed. Her unique style of writing has a large part in her continued popularity. Ann Garbett states,†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦O’Connor combined religious themes from her Roman Catholic vision with a comically realist character from the rural Protestant south to create a fiction that is simultaneously serious and comic† (1910). Mary O’Connor Flannery was an extremely talented young author who experiencedRead More Violence Leading To Redemption In Flannery OConnors Literature1482 Words   |  6 PagesViolence Leading to Redemption in Flannery OConnors Literature Flannery OConnor uses many of the same elements in almost all of her short stories. I will analyze her use of violence leading to the main character experiencing moral redemption. The use of redemption comes from the religious background of Flannery OConnor. Violence in her stories is used as a means of revelation to the main characters inner self. The literature of Flannery OConnor appears to be unbelievably harsh and violentRead More Flannery OConnor Essay1299 Words   |  6 PagesFlannery OConnor Flannery O’Connor and the Relationship Between Two of Her Stories Flannery O’Connor was born Mary Flannery O’Connor on March 25, 1925 in Savannah, Georgia, as the only child to Edward F. O’Connor, Jr., and Regina (Cline) O’Connor. Later in 1941, Flannery O’Connor’s father dies of lupus while O’Connor is in Milledgeville, Ga. After her father’s death, O’Connor rarely speaks of him and continues to be active in school projects such as drawing, reading, writingRead MoreFlannery O Connor Is Considered One Of The Most Successful Writer979 Words   |  4 PagesMary Flannery O’Connor is considered one of the most successful short story writers in history. She composed her works during a period of prosperity and economic boom following World War II. Although the economy was thriving, the 1950’s were a period of struggle for women’s rights, as well as other minorities. (Digital History) Based on her success, one could conclude O’Connor exceeded all barrier s against women during the fifties. Flannery O’Connor’s life experiences based on her faith, her novelsRead MoreFlannery OConnors A Good Man Is Hard to Find and Revelation1436 Words   |  6 PagesFaulkner, Flannery O’Connor, and Cormac McCarthy. One author in particular, Flannery O’Connor, is a remarkable author, who directly reflects upon southern grotesque within her two short stories, â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find† and â€Å"Revelation.† These two short stories are very similar to each other, which is why I believe that O’Connor often writes with violent characters to expose real violence in the world while tying them in with a particular spiritual insight. The first short story that O’Connor refersRead MoreIdentify Irony in Flanners Oconnors a Good Man Is Hard to Find1421 Words   |  6 PagesThe Irony in Flannery O’Connor’s Irony is a significant rhetorical technique used in demonstrating a condition which is conflicting or expression whereby the result is the exact opposite of what is anticipated. This device of literature creates absurdity in the story according to its tone. Irony has an element of indirectness hence making the writing interesting to the reader. In the story of Flannery O’Connor’s â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find,† Irony has aided deeper comprehension and understandingRead MoreFlannery O’connor’s Use of Symbolism, Theme, and Religion1057 Words   |  5 PagesFlannery O’Connor’s Use of Symbolism, Theme, and Religion In this essay I will be covering the similarities, differences, and uniqueness of theme in three of Flannery O’Connor’s short stories. The stories I will be discussing are A Good Man is Hard to Find, Revelation, and Good Country People. O’Connor was considered to be a type of religious propaganda. At least one character in her stories had a name or behavior that reflected religion. Her stories most often had an aggressive twist to them.Read MoreEssay Mary Flannery OConnor948 Words   |  4 PagesMary Flannery OConnor is one of the most preeminent and more unique short story authors in American Literature (OConnor 1). While growing up she lived in the Bible-belt South during the post World War II era of the United States. OConnor was part of a strict Roman Catholic family, but she depicts her characters as Fundamentalist Protestants. Her characters are also severely spiritually or physically disturbed and have a tendency to be violent, arrogant or overly stupid. (Garraty 582) She mixesRead MoreThe Genre of Southern Gothic in A Good Man Is Hard to Find Essay1347 Words   |  6 Pagesenough good in it to keep readers interested. The short story, â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find† by Mary Flannery O’Connor, is often considered a perfect example of Southern gothic writing. In â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find†, O’Connor has characters typical of Southern gothic. Characters in this genre are â€Å"riddled with many broken bodies, and even more broken souls†. It contemplates innocence, and whether or not anyone really is ever innocent. The grandmother in â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find† is a religiousRead MoreFlannery OConnors A Good Man Is Hard to Find Essay1418 Words   |  6 PagesThe Dysfunctional: Psychoanalysis of Flannery O’Connor’s â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find† Murder of women, children, and even a baby is a harsh image used by Flannery O’Connor in â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find.† The imagery is an effective literary device used to convey ironic tragedy, the struggle of female characters, and the family unit. The story follows a family on a trip to Florida when their journey, interrupted by an ill-fated detour resulting in a car wreck, ends in murder after they cross paths

Soft Computing in Information Communication Technology

Question: Brief description of the research project and issue under investigation and an analysis of good practice in relation to this issue. Identification of the key stakeholders and why and how they might be interested in or affected by this study. The key sources of secondary research and an evaluation of their contribution to the study The key methods of collecting primary data and their relative strengths and weaknesses an outline of how you might present the findings in order to persuade stakeholders to act on the results.? Answer: Introduction The study basically deals with a company which is based in United Kingdom and its name is TESCO (Biscaro et al., 2012). Basically it is a retail industry and has been in operations from years and has supermarkets in various locations to provide convenience to the customers. This company actually is having a leadership quality as over because it is one of the leading company in the retail sector (Chang and Madera, 2012). Buying of small shops has become a major marketing strategy which was adopted by this company made them more successful at a faster pace. Efforts are made to keep the shareholders happy and the customers to provide whatever they need as per the current trend and fashion. Evaluate a range of primary and secondary methods for obtaining information including the use of online facilities for the research into an HR or management practices. With the increased technology, online facilities has become a major advantage to the entire human being where all the facilities are available with just a single click which makes life easier residing any place in the world(Clement, 2011). The company selected here is TESCO which indulge its activities in the sale of various FMCG products which are made available to the customers at the most competitive price. The primary data which are required to be collected are the raw data like questionnaire that are needed to be filled by the customers whether or not they will be interested in the online purchase of goods and services(Clement, 2011). Online facilities will make the job of the customer more comfortable as they can purchase any goods online and make the online payment as well. Secondary research which has to be done on an individual research will be based on the internet source which will be required to assess the data in the most efficient manner (Cleophas, 2012). Human resource information should be transparent for all the employees which will make them more comfortable to work in the most suitable environment (Jordan, 2012). Training should be provided to the employees so that they can have complete knowledge of the services which have to be provided to attain success in the long run (Walker et al., 2012). Compare and contrast data from different sources and publications. The various data has to be collected in different which will help to compare to have a better idea of particular business activities (Karmarkar and Dutta, 2010). The most important aspect which has to be kept in consideration is that online facilities are everywhere and efforts should be made to enhance it for a better business in the near future. This company if have the online access then easily can reach the success in short span of time because it will also help in reducing cost and increasing of profits(Kittelberger et al., 2012). Salesmens cost will not be required in case of online availability because it actually do not need to showcase any goods and make the customers attract towards the services which are provided to them. Many retail sector have already indulge its business activities in the way of online practices which is giving them success in wider range but there are various disadvantages as well in case of online facilities provided to the customers(Zhang et al., 2012). It can happen that the customers remain dissatisfied just because they could not have the imagination power to understand the product in online basis. Any business has both the aspect so as to attain the success rate and it does not come alone because it can always happen that the particular business can decrease in the revenue due to some strategy made (Larkin, 2005). The wrong strategy can bring loss to the company but that does not mean that they should stop the business rather it should made effort to diversify its business activities and think of expanding in more ways. TESCO also expand its business activities in the areas of financial planning which helped them to achieve the success rate in the long run. Identify an area of HR business practice which can be investigated. HR professionals are actually responsible to recruit the right person at right job in order to gain the specialized workforce so that they can easily achieve the target within a very short period of time (Luo, 2012). The areas which need to be investigated so as to ensure smooth functioning of the business enterprise in the long run are as follows: There is often found that there is very short time for the delivery of goods which can also sometimes go in the account of penalty which is not beneficial for the company and it needs rectification at an organizational level (Nikolaev and Chugunov, 2012). Consumers are not satisfied with the services of this company and complaint whereby they found the problem with the amount of services provided to them. The issue arises with the invoice where duplicity has been recognized as to which there are issue of two product at the same time which is actually a wrong practice in the company and it needs immediate attention. Unknown items are seen to be deducted for no valid reason and it has become a issue which needs attention at operational level of business activities. The cost which is incurred in the promotional basis has been found incorrect and deductions made are completely wrong and has to be solved by the HR professional with the help of other business heads present in the company. Justify the choice and application of data collection methods and research instruments to explore an area under investigation. Data collection methods are urgent to prove the success rates of a particular organization like TESCO who indulges in the retail sector and suppose to deal with various products which serve the purpose of the customers to buy more of it so that their expectations are met as well as they are ready to consume the services at a price (O'Clair and Davidson, n.d.). Online services make the life of the consumer easier and that is the topic for this research and various data should be collected in order to implement it so that everyone can get benefited over it (Pekgn, 2012). Preparation of questionnaire and focus groups, interviews can help in knowing the view point of the customers as in what way they will be comfortable in receiving the goods and services. Research has to be conducted so as to know whether the particular online services can work in the future or not (Phillips, 2011). Investments need to be made in the initial stage to create the web page of the business activities and they need to access it in proper manner. It may happen that the customers are more comfortable in the tangible products so that they can touch and feel the product which can make them happy because online products can only see and no one has the idea of the actual product. Evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of a research study. Strengths:- Leadership can be recognized in TESCO because it is considered as one of the best in the retail industry since its establishment from the year 1997. Due to its leadership qualities, the company has reached the high level to receive profits which will help to sustain in the competitive world. One of the strength which made TESCO rise at a faster pace is that it has best buying power as it bought other rival shops to sustain in the market. It actually takeover many shops which actually was a marketing strategy and one of the most well known buying strategy was to buy Sainsbury which was the best retailer for the food section in the year 1995(PieÃÅ'Â ¨tka and Kawa, 2012). TESCO is known to implement good strategy in the area of growth and expansion to have an establishment in the new markets. It has also made strategy to expand its services from food to financial services as well as telecom services which will help to maintain the sustainable development. Customers remain satisfied once they use the services of TESCO Company because the company make sure to have a survey on the price check. The company make effort to satisfy the needs and wants of the customer so that they can retain the customers for the future course of time. The store format of TESCO has a multipurpose as so many options are available starting from extra, super stores, home plus and many more which will provide convenience to the customers. Weakness:- In this study, it was found that TESCO does not have much availability of its food items and mostly they manage with the substitute products which disappoint the customers to a great extent. Cash payment is not allowed in this supermarket but it should not be the case as both cash as well as credit facility should be made available to the customers so that the customers can avail the services with whatever resources possible. Discount coupons too are not accepted in this supermarket which ultimately makes the customers unhappy of the fact they cannot save money which becomes necessary while making bulk purchase. Substitute products that are made available may not be applicable as well as not useful as far as the actual product which the customer asked for. Identify key stakeholders, their interests and needs The shareholders of TESCO should have the complete knowledge of the company and should ask the questions at the annual general meeting regarding the problems faced by them so as to sustain in the market (Plimmer, 2010). Some of the ultimate questions that need to be given proper consideration are as follows: Payment procedure of TESCO has been in the scandal when it was found that various accounts are indulging in fraud practices in getting the payments from the suppliers. Some of the significant changes result in having a huge impact on the financial position of the business enterprise. It is rumoured that this company is giving rise to deferred prosecution with the SFO (Raj and Varghese, 2012). Shareholders should make effort to reduce the threat as far as possible and look into the matter to maintain the profitability of the firm. TESCO indulges its business activities in the retail sector and it has a debt of over 22 billion Euros which will make the company suffer from decrease in sales and credit rating as a matter of fact. Credit rating can be up to the mark if TESCO can attain another 5 billion Euros to solve the issue to sustain in the market. Evaluate different ways of presenting data to meet stakeholder needs. Stakeholders invest a large chunk of money in the business so they are liable to get the accurate information so that all their doubts are clear after the presentation of the data. Graphical presentation will attract the shareholders to have a clear view of the companys policies and procedures (Raj and Varghese, 2012). Pie chart is very easy to understand which will ultimately help the shareholders to understand each slice of pie which will represent a variable and its distribution structure. Bar chart as well helps in understanding the value in horizontal format which will help the shareholders to understand the attributes of distribution at a better manner which is not possible if it is done on a theoretical as aspect (Sinclair, 2012). The shareholders are the real owner of the company as they give a lot of money to run the business activities so the presentation made for them should be more attractive so that they feel like investing more in the business and make effort to expand its activities to reach the success of the business enterprise. The data should be more concise and to the point which can answer all the questions regarding the products as well as services which are made available in the market. Use an appropriate mix of diagrammatic and narrative formats. TESCO is a company which has its presence in UK mainly in the retail sector. The pie chart shows the different variable in single pie which actually signifies various other companies indulging in the same business practices (Tesco, 2012). TESCO is shown as 25.4% share as a whole in the retail sector so it can be said that it is the market leader of this particular business. This company also have the buying power of small shops which is their marketing strategy which makes them to sustain in the market along with its competitors. The next position is taken over by Sainsbury which actually is bought by TESCO which made them the king of the particular retail sector. The following bar graph helps in understanding the TESCOs revenue of two years so that a comparison is possible between the operating profit and net profit. In the year 2009, it can be seen that the revenue of this business is slightly lesser as compared to the revenue which came in the year 2010(Tesco, 2012). Next, operating profit tells us the profit which is incurred by the company over the current period and can be compared with previous year to know the actual profit earned by the company. The year 2010 made a slighter increase in the operating profit as compared with the 2009(Thu Nga and Binh, 2012). Net profit also is the same case because it shows an increase in the year 2010. The overall overview can make it clear that the year 2010 was better and has an increase in the revenue which is good for the company as a whole and efforts should be made to be better with the aim to earn more profits in the near future(TSUKUBA and TAKACHI, 2010). Conclusion This study reflects the impact of human resources in gathering information regarding TESCO which are basically deals with FMCG products and has supermarkets all over the world with the aim to satisfy the needs as well as wants of the consumers. Research proposal has been made to implement the online services for this company whereby the customers will be benefited and can enjoy the online services at a much lower cost. Large variety of products is possible to view as well as alternatives will be available. Payment pattern is easier as individual can use the debit card for the process which will make them hassle free in carrying the cash. Time will be saved as the individuals do not have to visit each and every store to view at the various products which is tiring as well that can lead to even irritation for shopping. Online shopping makes the life of the consumer more happy and content. Reference list Biscaro, B., Lindvall, O., Tesco, G., Ekdahl, C. and Nitsch, R. (2012). Inhibition of Microglial Activation Protects Hippocampal Neurogenesis and Improves Cognitive Deficits in a Transgenic Mouse Model for AlzheimerÂ’s Disease. Neurodegenerative Dis, 9(4), pp.187-198. Chang, W. and Madera, J. (2012). Using Social Network Sites for Selection Purposes: An Investigation of Hospitality Recruiters. Journal of Human Resources in Hospitality Tourism, 11(3), pp.183-196. Clement, M. (2011). Rage against the market: Bristol's Tesco riot. Race Class, 53(3), pp.81-90. Clement, M. (2011). Rage against the market: Bristol's Tesco riot. Race Class, 53(3), pp.81-90. Cleophas, C. (2012). Multi-agent modelling for revenue management. Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management, 11(2), pp.240-242. Jordan, J. (2012). Information, technology, and innovation. Hoboken, New Jersey: Wiley. Karmarkar, S. and Dutta, G. (2010). Multi-period revenue management model for internet advertising.Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management, 11(2), pp.225-239. Kittelberger, K., Piazza, F., Tesco, G. and Reijmers, L. (2012). Natural Amyloid-Beta Oligomers Acutely Impair the Formation of a Contextual Fear Memory in Mice. PLoS ONE, 7(1), p.e29940. Larkin, F. (2005). [Tesco Opera]. Circa, (111), p.41. Luo, J. (2012). Soft computing in information communication technology. Berlin: Springer. Nikolaev, D. and Chugunov, D. (2012). The education system in the Russian Federation. Washington, D.C.: World Bank Publications. O'Clair, K. and Davidson, J. (n.d.). The busy librarians guide to information literacy in science and engineering. Pekgn, P. (2012). Revenue management for manufacturing companies. Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management, 11(3), pp.350-351. Phillips, R. (2011). Efficient frontiers in revenue management. Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management, 11(4), pp.371-385. PieÃÅ'Â ¨tka, E. and Kawa, J. (2012). Information technologies in biomedicine. Berlin: Springer. Plimmer, G. (2010). Scoring points: How Tesco continues to win customer loyalty. Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management, 9(4), pp.377-378. Raj, M. and Varghese, K. (2012). Full paper: Positioning of human resources in a construction environment using Zigbee. Gerontechnology, 11(2). Raj, M. and Varghese, K. (2012). Positioning of human resources in a construction environment using Zigbee. Gerontechnology, 11(2). Sinclair, A. (2012). R (Midlands Co-Operative Society Limited) v Birmingham City Council Tesco Stores Limited (Interested Party). Euro Law Rep, 16(5), pp.640-683. Tesco, G. (2012). Autophagy: a common road to perdition in acute brain injuries and Alzheimers disease. Journal of Neurochemistry, 120(4), pp.475-476. Tesco, G. (2012). Autophagy: a common road to perdition in acute brain injuries and Alzheimers disease. Journal of Neurochemistry, 120(4), pp.475-476. Thu Nga, N. and Binh, L. (2012). Establishment of a system for regeneration and transfor-mation in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) using somatic embryo. TAP CHI SINH HOC, 34(3). TSUKUBA, S. and TAKACHI, N. (2010). Human resources development using IPe-learning by INPIT. Journal of Information Processing and Management, 52(11), pp.645-650. Walker, K., Kang, E., Whalen, M., Shen, Y. and Tesco, G. (2012). Depletion of GGA1 and GGA3 Mediates Postinjury Elevation of BACE1. Journal of Neuroscience, 32(30), pp.10423-10437. Zhang, L., Wang, H., Cao, X., Wang, X. and Zhao, K. (2012). Knowledge management component in managing human resources for enterprises. Information Technology and Management, 13(4), pp.341-349.

Mobile Security

Introduction In the modern world, mobile devices are an important part of people’s lives. They include laptops, Personal Digit Assistants (PDAs), and smart phones. They offer a communication opportunity both in personal life and in business transactions (Furnell, 2009). In the recent past, there has been a notable growth in sales of smart phones due to their multiple functions.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Mobile Security specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More For example, there was 40% sale of smart phones in United Kingdom in 2012. Most people now prefer smart phones compared to traditional models of mobile phones. In addition, most people encourage their employees to use smart phones for easiness of communication (Braunberg, 2013). The use of these mobile devices is very important in the society today due to shifting from analogue communication systems to digital communication systems. Nowadays, m ost people will prefer using a smart phone rather than use a very heavy computer. This is because the smartphone is portable and can even fit in a handbag or pocket. Use of PDAs and mobile phones in the places of work is largely contributing to easing of communication. These devices operate nearly the same as desktops besides providing personal information to the owner. They contain features such as phonebook, notepad, and calendar. In addition to these features, mobile devices receive voice calls and text messages (Jansen Scarfone, 2008). Due to increase in their demand, there has been rise in hacking and theft. Therefore, it is important to take security measures to protect them. Organizations store most of their information in these devices. Lack of security can cause such organizations to loose very important data and information thus compromising their productivity. Among the security concerns that loss of devices can lead to include: data leakage via these devices, virus infe ction hence distorting the information and even unauthorized traffic interception. These concerns call for enhanced security measures of mobile devices (The Government of the Hong Kong, 2011).Advertising Looking for research paper on computer science? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Security of mobile devices The ubiquitous nature of the wireless devices makes it more vulnerable to security attacks compared to the wired ones. Reports on unauthorized traffic interception as a form of security makes unauthorized people access an organization’s email and other private data sent over the hacked network. Consequently, security is a significant aspect in the wireless systems than in wired communication systems (Venkataram Babu, 2010). According to Braunberg, 2013 organizations need to take care of the different applications and software used by the mobile devices. In this case, they should ensure that the devices use only th e allowable applications. This would reduce cases of malware attack and viruses. Security of mobile devices encompasses security of all information and data saved and stored in the tablets, smart phones, laptops, and PDAs. These measures protect the confidential data against abuse. In addition, such security measures ensure that only the authorized persons can access the information. When unauthorized persons access some information, there may be cases of identity theft, financial theft and breakdown in communication (Paulus, Pohlmann Reimer, 2005) Mobile phones and PDAs need a secure infrastructure for suitable management. Security measures should follow proper identifications of the organization’s information systems, guidelines, standards, procedures, and development. This will enhance integrity, availability of information system resources and even confidentiality. In addition, this will ensure the development of a well-organized and wholesome security system for the mob ile devices of such organization. (Jansen Scarfone, 2008) The first generation of analogical mobile phones had an electronic serial number that could confirm the terminal to allow access to the service. On the other hand, the recent mobile devices use GSM. Each subscriber receives a Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) required before using the service. SIM has the user’s identity and authentication key, which is only active during the subscription time.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Mobile Security specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Moreover, SIM is an independent terminal, which is removable. SIM is one of the major forms of mobile security. The SIM ensures security in that the user requires a Personal Identification Number (PIN) to open up the SIM. This form of security is effective when the user does not share the PIN with anybody (Pagani, 2005). Another way to secure the mobile devices is ensur ing proper configuration of its devices. The devices should have the right services and applications to avoid frequent upgrade, patches, and any other safeguards. These upgrades and patches can introduce virus and malwares hence infecting the device. The devices should receive configurations according to the companies’ requirement. Moreover, in case of introduction of new security checklists and protocols, the administrators should manage their installation effectively (Jansen Scarfone, 2008) Many network administrators concentrate on avoiding eavesdropping and authentication. They know that security of any network is very significant to organizations. Everybody loves privacy and would work to ensure security of his devices to avoid occurrence of hacking leading to unauthorized access to the emails, use of one’s credit card to make purchases and even sending inappropriate emails to other people on his/her name. Contrary to the wireless devices, the wired devices get t heir security from system administrators who are the only people allowed to access authentication of the device. On the other hand, the wireless devices depend on encryption to prevent eavesdropping. This form of security measure uses a static key in most occurrences; this can include a key got from the static key, negotiated key, a shared static key and sometimes a dynamically- generated key. They use this type of security measure because anybody can access the Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) of the wireless device (Weiss, 2002) Due to their high demand, most wireless devices are prone to theft. Therefore, it is worth noting when storing data that the device can get lost or stolen. With this in mind, there is another approach, which can ensure security of the stored data. This is use of password. This approach generates a unique combination of character to every mobile device.Advertising Looking for research paper on computer science? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More However, the system administrator should observe the clear password management policy. In this case, only the person with the password should access the data. In addition, the system administrator can destroy the stored data remotely in case there is loss or theft of the device (The Government of the Hong Kong, 2011) Recommendations In the modern world, increased mobile security measures should come first because there is an increase in the use of mobile wireless devices. The current measures are costly, non-universal, and ineffective. The device users should be very keen on the cost of protecting their confidential information. Most of them need a device that will not cost any further above the purchase price. The system administrators, on the other hand are keen on the cost of the security measures. They also want an approach that is cheap but effective in protecting their users from traffic interception. The measures must be effective in providing protection and authentication (W eiss, 2002). Use of biometrics is another technological mobile security measure that is very effective. This rapid evolving technology improves the security of numerous mobile applications. Its architectural design consists of enrollment and authentication roles. The authentication role ensures that the biometric data rightly compares with the stored template. This will prevent an unauthorized person from accessing the data because the biometric data and the stored template have to match. The enrollment role on the other hand, enables creation of a template by the user and then acquires biometric information. This will make sure that only the administrator can access the information stored in the mobile device (Apampa, Wills Argles, 2010). Another important security measure that is effective is setting an idle timeout. This approach ensures that the device goes off if it is idle for a specific time. In order to open the device, the owner should feed the system with the PIN number a nd the configured password. In addition, it will help unauthorized person not to access any information in the device. The idle timeout has an auto lock feature that controls access to the device. This system locks the device automatically unless opened using the correct code. It is important to note that the code is usually unique and it does not depict commonly used characters. The user should avoid writing or storing the PIN number and password in a place accessible by an unauthorized person. It is also crucial for the mobile devices users to have a data backup. Organization’s data and information should not just be in one copy. However, it is important for the data stored in the devices to be in another secure device. This is a guarantee that no matter what happens there is data available. This is especially important for organizations, which may require the information. In addition, the organizations ought to acquire the software that automatically deletes any informatio n put if the password input is wrong for several times. This will ensure the device does away with the data before the unauthorized person can access it. Conclusion Mobile devices are very important gadgets of communication in the modern world. They include mobile phones, tablets, Personal Digit Assistants (PDAs), and laptops. These devices are portable, hence used in different places and by different people. The main use of mobile devices is not only receiving voice calls and texts messages but also stores personal information for the owner like notepad, phone book, and calendar. Currently, many organizations store important data in the mobile devices. However, with increased demand there is increased theft and hacking of the devices. The ubiquitous nature of the wireless devices makes it more vulnerable to security attacks compared to the wired ones. The security of mobile devices covers all data and information stored or saved in the smart phones, tablets, PDAs, and laptops. Secu rity is very important because lack of it leads to loss of confidential information. Various approaches can ensure security of mobile devices. These include configuration of a password, setting an idle timeout and data backup. In addition, use of SIM, PIN numbers and backing up data ensure security of mobile devices as well as data stored in them. These approaches deter unauthorized access to confidential data and information stored in the devices. Reference List Apampa, K. M., Wills, G., Argles, D. (2010). User Security Issues in Summative E-Assessment Security. International Journal of Digital Society, 1, (2), 135-147. Braunberg, A. (2013). Mobile Security Buyer’s Guide. Web. Dwivedi, H., Clark, C. Thiel, D. (2010). Mobile Application Security, New York: The McGraw-Hill. Furnell, S. (2009). Mobile Security, Cambridgeshire: IT Governance Ltd. Jansen, W., Scarfone, K. (2008). Guidelines on Cell Phone and PDA Security. Pagani, M. (2005). Mobile and Wireless Systems beyond 3 G: Managing New Business Opportunities, Pennsylvania: Idea Group Inc (IGI). Paulus, S., Pohlmann, N., Reimer, H. (2005). Isse 2005 -Securing Electronic Business Processes: Highlights of the Information Security Solutions Europe 2005 Conference, New York: Springer. The Government of the Hong Kong, (2011). Mobile Technologies Security. Web. Venkataram, P., Babu, S. (2010). Wireless Mobile N/W Security, New Delhi: Tata McGraw-Hill Education. Weiss, J. (2002). Wireless Networks: Security Problems and Solutions. Web. This research paper on Mobile Security was written and submitted by user Greyson R. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Rice essays

Rice essays Rice is the main food for about one-third to one-half of the world's population. A mature rice plant is usually two to six feet tall. In the beginning, one shoot appears. It is followed by one, two, or more offshoots developing. There are at least five or six hollow joints for each stalk, and a leaf for each joint. The leaf of the rice plant is long, pointed, flat, and stiff. The highest join of the rice plant is called the panicle. The rice grains develop from the panicles. (Jodon, 300) Rice is classified in the grass family Gramineae. Its genus is Oryza and species O. sativa. It is commonly cultivated for food in Asia. Some varieties of rice include red rice, glutinous rice, and wild rice. (Jodon, 303) The kernel within the grain contains most of the vitamins and minerals (298). The kernel contains thiamine, niacin, and riboflavin (299). Rice has many enemies that destroy a majority of the rice crops. The larvae of moth, stem borers, live in the stems of the rice plants. Some insects suck the plant juices or chew the leaves. Birds, such as bobolink, Java sparrow, or paddybird, would eat the seeds or grains. Disease causing factors such as fungi, roundworms, viruses, and bacteria also destroy the rice plants. Blast disease is caused by fungi which causes the panicles containing the grains to break. (Jodon, 300) There are various types of rice grown all over the world. A majority of rice grown is cultivated rice. When rice is grown with water standing on the fields, it is called lowland, wet, or irrigated rice. Rice plants grown in certain parts of Asia, South America, and Africa are called upland, hill, or dry rice because they are raised on elevated lands that cannot be flooded, but with plentiful rainfall. Wild rice is grown along lake shores of Canada and the Great Lakes. It is usually eaten by people in India. Scented rice is the most expensive because is has long grains and tastes like p...

Biography of Leonardo Pisano Fibonacci, Mathematician

Biography of Leonardo Pisano Fibonacci, Mathematician Leonardo Pisano Fibonacci (1170–1240 or 1250) was an Italian number theorist. He introduced the world to such wide-ranging mathematical concepts as what is now known as the Arabic numbering system, the concept of square roots, number sequencing, and even math word problems. Fast Facts: Leonardo Pisano Fibonacci Known For: Noted Italian mathematician and number theorist; developed Fibonacci Numbers and the Fibonacci SequenceAlso Known As: Leonard of PisaBorn: 1170 in Pisa, ItalyFather: GuglielmoDied: Between 1240 and 1250, most likely in  PisaEducation: Educated in North Africa; studied mathematics in Bugia, AlgeriaPublished Works: Liber Abaci (The Book of Calculation), 1202 and 1228; Practica Geometriae (The Practice of Geometry), 1220; Liber Quadratorum (The Book of Square Numbers), 1225Awards and Honors: The  Republic of Pisa  honored Fibonacci in 1240 for advising the city and its citizens on accounting issues.Notable Quote: â€Å"If by chance I have omitted anything more or less proper or necessary, I beg forgiveness, since there is no one who is without fault and circumspect in all matters.† Early Years and Education Fibonacci was born in Italy but obtained his education in North Africa. Very little is known about him or his family and there are no photographs or drawings of him. Much of the information about Fibonacci has been gathered by his autobiographical notes, which he included in his books. Mathematical Contributions Fibonacci is considered to be one of the most talented mathematicians of the Middle Ages. Few people realize that it was Fibonacci that gave the world the decimal number system (Hindu-Arabic numbering system), which replaced the Roman numeral system. When he was studying mathematics, he used the Hindu-Arabic (0-9) symbols instead of Roman symbols, which didnt have zeros and lacked place value. In fact, when using the Roman numeral system, an abacus was usually required. There is no doubt that Fibonacci saw the superiority of using Hindu-Arabic system over the Roman Numerals. Liber Abaci Fibonacci showed the world how to use what is now our current numbering system in his book Liber Abaci, which he published in 1202. The title translates as The Book of Calculation. The following problem was written in his book: A certain man put a pair of rabbits in a place surrounded on all sides by a wall. How many pairs of rabbits can be produced from that pair in a year if it is supposed that every month each pair begets a new pair, which from the second month on becomes productive? It was this problem that led Fibonacci to the introduction of the Fibonacci Numbers and the Fibonacci Sequence, which is what he remains famous for to this day. The sequence is 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55... This sequence  shows that each number is the sum of the two preceding numbers. It is a sequence that is seen and used in many different areas of mathematics and science today. The sequence is an example of a recursive sequence. The Fibonacci Sequence defines the curvature of naturally occurring spirals, such as snail shells and even the pattern of seeds in flowering plants. The Fibonacci Sequence was actually given the name by a French mathematician Edouard Lucas in the 1870s. Death and Legacy In addition to Liber Abaci, Fibonacci authored several other books on mathematical topics ranging from geometry to squaring numbers (multiplying numbers by themselves). The city of Pisa (technically a republic at that time) honored Fibonacci and granted him a salary in 1240 for his help in advising Pisa and its citizens on accounting issues. Fibonacci died between 1240 and 1250 in Pisa. Fibonacci is famous for his contributions to number theory. In his book, Liber Abaci, he introduced the Hindu-Arabic place-valued decimal system and the use of Arabic numerals into Europe.He introduced the bar that is used for fractions today; previous to this, the numerator had quotations around it.The square root notation is also a Fibonacci method. It has been said that the Fibonacci Numbers are natures numbering system and that they apply to the growth of living things, including cells, petals on a flower, wheat, honeycomb, pine cones, and much more. Sources â€Å"Leonardo Pisano Fibonacci.†Ã‚  Fibonacci (1170-1250), History.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk..Leonardo Pisano (Fibonacci) Stetson.edu.Knott, R. â€Å"Who was Fibonacci?† Maths.surrey.ac.uk.

Professional Ethics Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Professional Ethics - Research Paper Example If he decides to send him to the asylum, then he is snatching away his independence but is reducing risk that the patient can pose to himself and others. Thus, the physician has to face a conflict between what is legal and what is ethical. Personal Values and Professional Ethics †¢ The physician interacting with the patient should be honest and straightforward, and should deal with the patient in a candid fashion. †¢ The patient should also be honest with the physician. †¢ The patient’s consent should be considered before sharing, selling or disclosing his personal information. †¢ The patient’s privacy should be maintained by blocking unauthorized access to his health records and personal data. †¢ Informed Consent is about having the capable patient take part in making decisions about his healthcare and treatment process (Wear, 1992). The patient should be well informed about all the circumstances and his wishes and judgment has to be considered by the practitioner. Ethical Theories and Principles According to Rainbow (2002), â€Å"ethical theories and principles are the foundations of ethical analysis because they are the viewpoints from which guidance can be obtained along the pathway to a decision.† Ethical Principles Beneficence. ... Justice. This principle states that physicians make ethical decisions that are fair to the patient and all those who are involved in the treatment process. The decisions should be made on logical bases. Ethical Theories Deontology. This theory focuses on that physicians should stick to their responsibilities when they are facing a dilemma in making ethical decisions. This will help them to make consistent decisions while adhering to their ethical obligations. Utilitarianism. This theory helps the physician to make choices whose consequences are better for the patient. He will make a decision that will yield greatest benefit to all involved. Rights. This theory respects and protects the rights of people as enforced by the society itself. Casuist. This theory enables the physicians to make decision about an ethical dilemma by comparing it to similar dilemmas and their consequences that might have happened in the past. Virtue. This theory is about judging a person through his values and standards rather than by his actions. Application to My Current Practice My current practice as a health practitioner is providing healthcare to e-consumers. I apply all ethical theories and principles because I aim to provide beneficence to my e-patients with least harm I can inflict upon them. I respect their decisions and stick to my ethical obligations. I strictly follow the Casuist theory whenever I am in some kind of a dilemma. For example, once I had to prescribe a diabetes patient to start insulin injections but I found out that his body was too frail to bear the injections twice a day. So, I referred to previous case histories of my patients to find out a

Communication 101 PowerPoint Presentation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Communication 101 - PowerPoint Presentation Example People like to do many things: eat chocolate or ice-cream, ski, go hiking, fish, play football, climb rocks etc. Many activities, which people enjoy, may lead to health problems, injuries, other negative consequences. Everything can be dangerous, but people continue doing things, getting satisfaction from the process of doing. Thus, smoking is the same thing. People enjoy it, get satisfaction from smoking, and are not eager to give up this habit, just because someone thinks that it is bad and harms them. Smoking is a good way to relieve ones stress. Smoking a cigarette helps a person to feel relaxed, abstract away from problems, think about the problem while smoking, get energy to start working on the problem. Nicotine helps the brain to produce norepinephrine and beta-endorphin. These chemicals make an individual feel better and raise his mood ("A Guide To Remaining Smoke Free"). One of the pros for smoking is that it helps a person to start a conversation and make new friends. Every smoker can ask another person, if he has a cigarette or a lighter. This question is a usual one, and is not considered to be rude or inappropriate. People, who smoke together, are distracted from their problems, and tend to find common topics for conversation more often than those, who just stay in one place. Seeing, that a stranger smokes too, means that you and him already have something in common, which unconsciously makes us like the person. Thus, a cigarette becomes a bond between smokers and helps people to get new friends. Many smokers state, that they fill more concentrated after smoking a cigarette. The process of smoking helps them to calm down, think over the issue, and start working on it right away. The medical research proves the smokers statements. Nicotine helps to reduce anxiety and distraction, and has the same effect as some of the medicine, which is used to treat Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity

Barbie Doll by Marge Piercy Essay Example for Free

Barbie Doll by Marge Piercy Essay The poem, Barbie Doll, is about a girl who was growing up in a society which regard highly of female beauty. The title illustrates that most females were expected to be like Barbie dolls. These dolls cast pressure on the girl to be like supermodel. In this story, the girl failed to meet the standards of society and viewed as a social outcast.The first paragraph describes a growing girl who was presented with dolls, miniature GE stoves, irons and lipsticks. This will ensure that the girl will know which gender roles she should be and not too deviate from the accepted social custom. The mood of the poem changes when the author describes, the magic of puberty. Here, it refers to a time of emotional crisis that the girl went through as she matures. She is constantly teased for not looking like the typical Barbie dolls. The second paragraph began with mentioning the girls positive aspects, such as She was healthy, tested intelligent, possesses strong arms and back and abundant sexual drive and manual dexterity, These sentences portray the girl image (female) to male characteristics. The tome in the poem changes again when the author stated, the girl went to and fro apologizing, and everyone still say she had a fat nose and thick legs, the society again, scorn at the ugly appearance of the girl. In the third paragraph, line twelve to sixteen, the girl is expected to fake her natural behavior, emotion and characteristics. The fan belt was used to exemplify that one cannot endure the pressure placed by society to meet their standards and will wear out eventually. Consequently, she cut off her nose and legs. Therefore, the last paragraph expressed her death as consummation at last. Dont she look pretty? Everyone said. In this line, the author wants the reader to make good judgment to the senseless situation in which society judge beauty to female. I think that children, especially boys, are not born with hatred or feelings of enmity towards female who have physical figures below social standards. They are all programmed that way by selfish or ignorant male adults. If these male adults can only take a look at themselves and see that all they have done is to destroy. The lives of their opposite sex, driving down their  self-esteem to the deepest pit, then this society will be a better place to live in.

Human Nature Essay -- essays research papers

Human nature is the egotistical behaviours that drive the human race to be creative and inquisitive. Although some philosophers may disagree with the validity of this statement, others such as Aristotle, John Stuart Mill and Thomas Hobbes would believe it to be true. After examining the beliefs of these philosophers and using real-life examples to rebut the beliefs of those who disagree, man’s true nature of curiousity, creativity and selfishness is clearly evident.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Once inspecting the philosophical beliefs of Thomas Hobbes, Aristotle and John Stuart Mill, human’s creative, inquiring and self-indulgent nature seems indisputable. Thomas Hobbes was correct in saying that self-interest is man’s true nature. He spoke the truth when he described man as an â€Å"aggressive, greedy, competitive, anti-social and vain† (Gini- Newman et al. 28) species. Everyday, man demonstrates this nature as he works steadfastly to make money so that he can indulge in the life of luxury and opportunity that he desires. He then donates to charitable organizations so that he does not have to suffer from feelings of guilt for not sharing his wealth with those less fortunate. Even human’s creativity and desire for knowledge illustrate our races egotistical nature. Aristotle once said that â€Å"all men by nature desire knowledge.† (Gini- Newman et al. 26) John Stuart Mill later said that â€Å"no intelligent human bei ng would consent to be a fool.† (Gini- Newman et al. 26) Both of these philosophers were correct in their observations. Man is an incredibly intelligent human being. He can think abstractly and develop unique ideas and theories. However, man’s creative ideas and broad range of knowledge all contribute to his self-interest. Man prides himself on knowledge. His intellectual endeavors build his self esteem and ego. He feels proud and worthy when he invents something. Although many human being use their innovative nature to improve the quality of life for others, their intentions are always inspired by their innate desires to feed their selfish nature.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The selfish desires of man and his needs for creativity and knowledge of self are difficult to dispute. Although philosophers such as Joseph Butler, Mengzi and Siddhartha Gautama have expressed different beliefs on this issue, there are many examples that challenge the soundness of... ...deavors, I notice the self interest that lies beneath them. I realize the self-assurance that I gain by being knowledgeable and I yearn for the praise I receive when I create a masterpiece. Even when I help others, by donating money to charitable organizations for example, I am being selfish because my actions are inspired by my personal desires to alleviate my feelings of guilt and sympathy. When I reflect on my life, I often feel ashamed of my self-centeredness. Unfortunately, this is my nature. I can try to control it, but I can not change it.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The writer, Alfie Kohn, was correct when he noted the negative connotation on the expression, â€Å"I am only human.† (Gini- Newman et al. 43) Man’s creative and curious nature does make him distinct from all others; however, he truly is a selfish specimen. Everything man does, from working hard to earn a degree to finding a cure to save the lives of others, is aimed to fulfill his personal desires. Although philosophers may disagree on the true nature of man, it is difficult to dispute his selfishness as a species because there is so much evidence that prove him to be exactly this.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  

Report on wide screen displays

A widescreen image is a movie, computing machine, or telecasting image with a width-to-height facet ratio greater than the standard 1.37:1 Academy facet ratio provided by 35mm movie. Screen Aspect Ratio is fundamentally a step of the horizontal length of a telecasting ( or movie ) screen, in relation to its perpendicular tallness. In other words, a traditional telecasting has a Screen Aspect Ratio of 4Ãâ€"3. This means that a traditional telecasting has a screen that is four units long for every three units in tallness. Converting these units into inches would ensue in measurings of 4-inches by 3-inches or 8-inches by 6-inches, and on-and-on. By the same item, on widescreen telecasting ( such as today ‘s HDTVs ) , the Screen Aspect Ratio is 16 units long for every 9 units in tallness, or 16-inches by 9-inches, 32-inches by 18-inches, etc†¦ A 16Ãâ€"9 screen aspect ratio therefore consequences in a wider image show that a 4Ãâ€"3 facet ratio. This wider image show allows both films originally filmed in widescreen and new, widescreen telecasting scheduling, to be displayed more accurately.Latest development in widescreen show:Widescreen LCD shows:BARCO ‘s LC series of High-Resolution LCD shows has been specifically designed for usage in a broad assortment of professional applications. The LC household nowadayss chip, clear and color-accurate images on 42 † , 47 † and 56 † screen sizes. Dedicated versions with HD-SDI inputs are available. Having some of the most advanced LCD engineering available today, BARCO ‘s LC series stands for the ultimate in item. The LC series consists of a 42 † and 47 † show in native full high definition ( 1920Ãâ€"1080 pels ) and a 56 † show in quad full high definition ( 3840Ãâ€"2160 pels ) .Benefits:High brightness High contrast, even in high ambient visible radiation environments High declaration and pel denseness Frame lock and firing mechanism functionality Low power ingestion Long life-timeExamples:56 † quad full High Definition LCD show LC-5621 42 † native High Definition LCD show LCN-42 47 † native High Definition LCD show LCN-47 42 † native High Definition LCD show with extra HD-SDI inputs LCS-42 47 † native High Definition LCD show with extra HD-SDI inputs LCS-47Technology used in broad screen show merchandise:Plasma screen engineeringLED engineeringCRT ( cathode beam tubing )Liquid crystal displayPlasma screen engineering:Flat panel plasma show is the latest show engineering and the best manner to accomplish shows with first-class image quality and big, level screen sizes that are easy viewable in any environment. Plasma panels are an array of cells, known as pels, which are composed of three bomber pels, matching to the colourss red, green, and blue. Gas in the plasma province is used to respond with phosphors in each bomber pel to bring forth coloured visible radiation ( ruddy, green, or blue ) . These phosphors are the same types used in cathode beam tubing ( CRT ) devices such as telecastings and standard computing machine proctors. You get the rich dynamic colourss that you expect. Each bomber pel is separately controlled by advanced electronics to bring forth over 16 million different colourss. All of this means that you get per fect images that are easy viewable in a show that is less than six inches thick.LED engineering:There are many consumer advantages to LEDs over incandescent or fluorescent visible radiation bulbs. LED lights consume much less energy. They are 300 per centum more efficient than a compact fluorescent visible radiation ( CFL ) , and 1,000 per centum more efficient than an candent bulb. They have a really long life, about 50,000 hours of usage at 70 per centum of their original power. ( LEDs do n't fire out or spark, they merely melt. ) This works out to eight hours a twenty-four hours for 13 old ages at 70 per centum power. A typical 60-watt incandescent bulb may last about 1,000 hours. LED lighting contains no quicksilver or other toxins. LEDs emit no extremist violet ( UV ) visible radiation, so they do n't pull bugs. They do n't bring forth heat, so they are cool to the touch. They do n't bring forth wireless frequence moving ridges, so they do n't interfere with wirelesss or telecasting broadcasts. They besides are immune to quivers and dazes.CRT ( cathode beam tubing ) :The Cathode Ray Tube ( CRT ) is a vacuity tubing incorporating an negatron gun ( a beginning of negatrons ) and a fluorescent screen, with internal or external agencies to speed up and debar the negatron beam, used to make images in the signifier of light emitted from the fluorescent screen. The image may stand for electrical wave forms ( CRO ) , images ( telecasting, computing machine proctor ) , radar marks and others. The CRT uses an evacuated glass envelope which is big, deep, heavy, and comparatively delicate.LCD ( Liquid-crystal show ) :Liquid-crystal show telecastings ( LCD Television ) a re telecasting sets that use LCD engineering to bring forth images. LCD telecastings are thinner and lighter than CRTs of similar show size, and are available in much larger sizes. This combination of characteristics made LCDs more practical than CRTs for many functions, and as fabrication costs fell, their eventual laterality of the telecasting market was all but guaranteed. In 2007, LCD telecastings surpassed gross revenues of CRT-based telecastings worldwide for the first clip, and their gross revenues figures relative to other engineerings are speed uping. LCD TVs are rapidly displacing the lone major rivals in the large-screen market, the plasma show panel and rear-projection telecasting. Liquid crystal displaies are, by far, the most widely produced and sold telecasting engineering today, forcing all other engineerings into niche functions.Benefits of the WidescreenWhen used for amusement, a widescreen show is in its component when demoing widescreen DVD films in their intended 16:9 facet ratio. This means a bigger image more comfort and less otiose infinite ( less or no black bands on either side of the image ) . The widescreen show besides makes it easier to redact and see bird's-eye images and may extinguish troublesome horizontal scrolling wholly. Another benefit of the widescreen show is apparent when it comes to serious work – the ability to expose two Windowss side by side and to drag and drop ( or copy Ns ‘ paste ) information without holding to exchange between them is invaluable.

The Silver Linings Playbook Chapter 19

Sister Sailor-Mouth I'm at the Crystal Lake Diner with Tiffany; we're in the same booth as last time, eating our single-serving box of raisin bran, drinking hot tea. We did not say anything on the walk here; we did not say anything when we were waiting for our server to bring the milk, bowl, and box. I'm starting to understand that we have the type of friendship that does not require many words. As I watch her spoon the brown flakes and sugared raisins into her pink lips, I try to decide whether I want to tell her about what happened at the Eagles game. For two days now I have been thinking about that little kid crying, hiding behind his father's leg, and I feel so guilty about hitting the big Giants fan. I did not tell my mom, because the news would have upset her. My father has not talked to me since the Eagles lost to the Giants, and I don't see Dr. Cliff until Friday. Plus, I'm starting to think Tiffany is the only one who might understand, since she seems to have a similar problem and is always exploding, like on the beach when Veronica slipped and mentioned Tiffany's therapist in front of me. I look at Tiffany, who is sitting slouched, both elbows on the table. She's wearing a black shirt that makes her hair look even blacker. She has on too much makeup, as usual. She looks sad. She looks angry. She looks different from everyone else I know – she cannot put on that happy face others wear when they know they are being watched. She doesn't put on a face for me, which makes me trust her somehow. Suddenly Tiffany looks up, stares into my eyes. â€Å"You're not eating.† â€Å"I'm sorry,† I say, and look down at the gold sparkles in the table's plastic coating. â€Å"People will think I'm a hog if they see me eating while you watch.† So I dip my spoon into the bowl, drip milk onto the sparkly table, and shovel a small mound of milk-soaked raisin bran into my mouth. I chew. I swallow. Tiffany nods and then looks out the window again. â€Å"Something bad happened at the Eagles game,† I say, and then wish I hadn't. â€Å"I don't want to hear about football.† Tiffany sighs. â€Å"I hate football.† â€Å"This really isn't about football.† She continues to stare out the window. I look and confirm that there are only parked cars outside, nothing of interest. And then I am talking: â€Å"I hit a man so hard – lifting him up off the ground even – I thought I maybe killed him.† She looks at me. Tiffany squints and sort of smiles, like she might even laugh. â€Å"Well, did you?† â€Å"Did I what?† â€Å"Kill the man.† â€Å"No. No, I didn't. I knocked him out, but he eventually woke up.† â€Å"Should you have killed him?† Tiffany asks. â€Å"I don't know.† I am amazed by her question. â€Å"I mean, no! Of course not.† â€Å"Then why did you hit him so hard?† â€Å"He threw my brother down to the concrete, and my mind just exploded. It was like I left my body and my body was doing something I did not want to do. And I haven't really talked about this with anyone and I was hoping you might want to listen to me so that I could – â€Å" â€Å"Why did the man throw your brother to the ground?† I tell her the whole story – start to finish – letting her know I can't get the big guy's son out of my mind. I'm still seeing the little guy hiding behind his father's leg; I'm seeing the little guy crying, sobbing, so obviously afraid. I also tell her about my dream – the one where Nikki comforts the Giants fan. When I finish the story, Tiffany says, â€Å"So?† â€Å"So?† â€Å"So I don't get why you're so upset?† For a second I think she might be kidding me, but Tiffany's face does not crack. â€Å"I'm upset because I know Nikki will be mad at me when I tell her what happened. I am upset because I disappointed myself, and apart time will surely be extended now because God will want to protect Nikki until I learn to control myself better, and like Jesus, Nikki is a pacifist, which is the reason she did not like me going to the rowdy Eagles games in the first place, and I don't want to be sent back to the bad place, and God, I miss Nikki so much, it hurts so bad and – â€Å" â€Å"Fuck Nikki,† Tiffany says, and then slips another spoonful of raisin bran into her mouth. I stare at her. She chews nonchalantly. She swallows. â€Å"Excuse me?† I say. â€Å"The Giants fan sounds like a total prick, as do your brother and your friend Scott. You didn't start the fight. You only defended yourself. And if Nikki can't deal with that, if Nikki won't support you when you are feeling down, then I say fuck her.† â€Å"Don't you ever talk about my wife like that,† I say, hearing the sharp anger in my voice. Tiffany rolls her eyes at me. â€Å"I won't allow any of my friends to talk about my wife like that.† â€Å"Your wife, huh?† Tiffany says. â€Å"Yes. My wife, Nikki.† â€Å"You mean your wife, Nikki, who abandoned you while you were recovering in a mental institution. Why isn't your wife, Nikki, sitting here with you right now, Pat? Think about it. Why are you eating fucking raisin bran with me? All you ever think about is pleasing Nikki, and yet your precious Nikki doesn't seem to think about you at all. Where is she? What's Nikki doing right now? Do you really believe she's thinking about you?† I'm too shocked to speak. â€Å"Fuck Nikki, Pat. Fuck her! FUCK NIKKI!† Tiffany slaps her palms against the table, making the bowl of raisin bran jump. â€Å"Forget her. She's gone. Don't you see that?† Our server comes over to the table. She puts her hands on her hips. She presses her lips together. She looks at me. She looks at Tiffany. â€Å"Hey, sister sailor-mouth,† the server says. When I look around, the other customers are looking at my foulmouthed friend. â€Å"This isn't a bar, okay?† Tiffany looks at the server; she shakes her head. â€Å"You know what? Fuck you too,† Tiffany says, and then she is striding across the diner and out the door. â€Å"I'm just doin' my job,† says the server. â€Å"Jeez!† â€Å"I'm sorry,† I say, and hand the server all the money I have – the twenty-dollar bill my mother gave me when I said I wanted to take Tiffany out for raisin bran. I asked for two twenties, but Mom said I couldn't give the server forty dollars when the meal only costs five, even after I told Mom about overtipping, which I learned from Nikki, as you already know. The waitress says, â€Å"Thanks, pal. But you better go after your girlfriend.† â€Å"She's not my girlfriend,† I say. â€Å"She's just a friend.† â€Å"Whatever.† Tiffany is not outside of the diner. I look down the street and see her running away from me. When I catch up to her, I ask what's wrong. She doesn't answer; she keeps running. At a quick pace, we jog side by side back into Collingswood, all the way to her parents' house, and then Tiffany runs around to the back door without saying goodbye.

Coursework on Business Law

Coursework on Business Law Coursework on Business Law: UNITED STATES V RADTAKES United States Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit, 2005 415 E3d 826 The defendants, a man and his son were charged with the offence of conspiracy to defraud the Us and Internal Revenue Society (IRS). The defendants paid employees on an ad hoc basis with check written from the Companies bank account instead of chanelling them through the Companies’ payroll as required by law. Consequently, they withheld no taxes or union benefit payment. Held guilty as charged. Circumstantial evidence should be permitted to prove committing of a crime when there is sufficient evidence presented to the jury with no intentions of defrauding the crime accused. Defendants charged with a conspiracy are not actually the real committers of the fraud. Once one is a suspect of defrauding, one has a chance to present his witnesses and prove ones innocence in front of a jury. The most significant defence to circumstantial evidence is the truth behold behind the evidence being produced. When the evidence has substantial truth and has a witness to support the evidence, the defendant might get a chance to prove on the crime committed. Once the evidence presented is insufficient proving that the defendant acted with intentions to commit the crime is difficult. Another circumstance to be permitted is by having absolute privilege on the crime committed. For instance, evidence adduced by witnesses in court and the defense arguments and counter claims during court proceedings, statements made by judges whilst hearing and determining a matter be for them, and statements made in the course of parliamentary proceedings cannot back up any action for defamation, irrespective of whether or not they were made without considering how true, false or weird they are. In addition, honest opinion is a good defense in action of defamation in many commonwealth jurisdictions. This is to say, if an individual make a defamatory statement whilst expressing a genuine opinion about the injured person while opposing a fact, the alleged statement cannot maintain a claim for liability against the statement made while presenting the evidence. On viewing a statement as an expression of piece of evidence or opinion it can depend upon its background, notwithstanding the fact the defendant creating the statement is considered to be knowledgeable enough to know if a statement made is true or false. For instance if an employer calls you a thief, in the ordinary course of things it may not be regarded as an opinion since a statement cannot be made out of the blues. Some jurisdictions instead of basing so much significance on what is a fact or an opinion in, they have opted to admit that statements which seem to be realistic normally hold circumstantial evidence. The penalty for theft should not vary according to the value of the property taken but should get an equivalent sentence accord to the property theft with an exceptions of white collar crimes. The defendant stands to be convicted of the theft if proven guilty, deprives or withholds information that is crucial in decision making. A defendant can be awarded penalty of the actions one has committed once; one has intent to conduct business secretly to their own benefit or to benefit other parties, either by stealing the organizations resources or using without authorization. A defendant convicted of a certain offense of theft should be charged according to a range set by the crime law section 1209.039 that specifies a variety or ranges that are to be charged to specific crimes (Simmons, 2007). A suspect who has not been involved in previous crimes and found guilty of theft should be charged less than fifty dollars while those convicted of theft felony should be charged an amount exceedin g fifty dollars in any occurrence. White collar crimes are non violent crimes which involves embezzlement of funds, frauds, bribery and insider trading. They pose a great danger to the subject country’s security and also it economy. Once a defendant is found guilty of this crime, the legislature deters to the crime by ensuring every offender, with no exceptions, serves a jail term equivalent to the amount in dollars that he stole. Essentials of a bad check law are determined by the standards set by the statutory provision to determine the validity of the check. A crime committed by means of bad check, an issuer is supposed to have knowledge that a check or money order is not liable for payment if it is post dated or has a notice of refusal. The check law presupposes that the minimum threshold of conduct required of corporations and incorporated associations according to their money orders and payments. This law enforcement on a corporate scale normally includes fines imposed on a corporation. Individual accountability for commercial offense has to be proven in order to take place by the party responsible. For example, a corporation may be expecting payments on selling a product that is defective and instead sell it regardless of its defectiveness. However, if one can prove in a court of law that with evidence that the check is valid and the company president specifically had knowledge or he had all reasonable grounds to believe that the check was forged or defective and yet authorized the sale, one can sue the corporation, but one cannot hold the corporation criminally liable. Given that a corporation cannot be jailed and do jail time, all one can do is to use the evidence to penalize the corporation and fines or court rulings. Halls employees acted unethically since they committed an act of defamation, this can be a good example of a statement that came with it a not so good impression of an individual, company, assembly, product, government, or nation (Simmons, 2007). The statement is prepared as though it were true, when in fact the statement is false. It as slander as it was made with spoken words, sounds, gestures and sign language. Defamation may be in any other form, like in printed pictures or words. To be considered defamation, the indictment has to be false but put in a way that it appears to be true, and to earlier be communicated to people other than the individual being defamed. If one believes you have been a victim of defamation, one can get justice by introducing a civil suit. However, one will have to show that the statement made was phony; prove that the statement did harm to the accused; and prove the statement didn’t undergo adequate investigation to know whether it was true or a lie. Buck acted ethically by hiring an investigator to obtain the information though behind their back. He used different types of defamation to bring them to justice. There are different types of defamation, per se, which means and shows that the defamation is a given and not necessary have to provide proof of harm. Defamation per se is when someone mistakenly says that you have an illness (for example they can say you are suffering from a serious and contagious disease) when someone wrongly claims you are guilty of misconduct sexually, when someone wrongly states that you have committed an offence, or when someone says, you are not in shape to venture into business. In such cases, the possible evidence needed is that the statement was prepared. Thus Buck did the right thing as there was nothing to hide. Public policy granting merchant’s immunity from false imprisonment and detaining innocent persons is has been admitted as a good defence in a number of jurisdictions (Simmons, 2007). If an individual makes an opinion in opposition of existence of a certain fact, the declaration may not sustain a claim for liability against the evidence presented. On viewing a statement as an expression of piece of evidence or opinion it can depend upon its background, irrespective of the fact that the defendant creating the statement is entrusted by the community to be the one to know if the evidence or statements made are true or not. To this extent therefore, public policy is an act that injures someone in some way, and the victim may consider suing the wrongdoer. Legally, they are called general wrongs, as opposed to criminal ones. Interest protected by the tort includes; getting an attorneys to obtain inquiries about defamation activities from those people in disagreement with neighbors or any the community at large, and have ultimately suffered from this lies. The rule most be worried by that type of behavior is defamation of character and a reason of action which is defined to include libel and slander. Generally, tort is telling lies on another person, which exposes a person to take the blame falsely. A slander is an oral defamatory statement which is made intentionally to injure the reputation of someone (Simmons, 2007). Libel, on the other hand is the making of defamatory statements in writing whether in a print or permanent medium, for instance, magazines and newspapers. Essential condition for a tort of defamation include: A counterfeit and offensive statement regarding others; The written statement of another person (this is a person that may be directly or partially affected by the said statement); If the issue involves a lot of people, mistake amounting at least to carelessness of the publisher Harm to the defamed or injured party. In tort law, the statement made is published especially when a third person is involved (Elliot Quinn, 2009). However, it is not mandatory that the statement be in print. Getty and Texaco acted unethically since the injurious statement was directly touched the status of the injured party. Albeit, depending on the laws of the authority it may be sufficient to set up mental anguish. Most authorities are normally so aware that defamation exists, where the claims are alleged to cause harm to the plaintiff. Examples of unethical judging include: Statement referring to a persons specialized character or reputation; Claims that an single person is promiscuous; Allegations that an individual is infected with S T D Allegations that the individual has devoted a crime of moral magnitude While activities for unethical have their inheritance in common law, most influence have enacted statutes which alter common law. This may significantly alter material elements of the cause of an action, margin when a suit is instituted, or vary the defenses to an action for offense. The defendant may be called upon to apologize prior to the applicants search for non-economic remuneration. The state farm acted ethically in the case, their business ethics go further than simple legality. They describe ways in which a business should behave and the manner in which it conducts affairs it is legally obligated to. The firm’s ethics are not the best way of conducting business as they are principles to get upheld and experienced. They describe the spirit of the rule, as opposed to law and order. The most important defense for the organization ethically is to act accordingly to the truth, which is, an unlimited security to a certain action for offense. Another defense to defamation events is right to have something. For example, where a witness stand in court and makes a statement, point of view being ruled in court by the judges, declarations made in the course of parliamentary proceedings or by the bench, are privileged ordinarily, and cannot cling to a claim for denouncement, regardless of how false or offensive they are. A defense predictable in most jurisdictions i s an opinion if the human being makes a statement of belief as contrasting to fact and evidence brought forward, the testimonial may not hold up a cause of action for offense (Elliot Quinn, 2009). Whether viewed as a turn of phrase of fact or opinion a statement can depend upon the context it upholds, that is, whether an individual is making the statement or not, would be viewed by the society as being in a place to know whether it is true or not. Some countries have got rid of the distinction between opinion and fact, and as an alternative hold that any testimonial that suggests a truthful foundation can support reason of action for denouncement. Security afforded by the tort disagreement with society’s awareness in free competition offers a justification comparable to an opinion that is reasonable to comment on stuff of public awareness especially in the society. For example, if a mayor of a given town is caught up in a bribery scandal, by expressing the outlook that one believes the accusation are true and are not likely to sustain a claim for offense. A defendant may also attempt to demonstrate that the indeed the statement made against the applicant were true since he was lowly regarded in that society to mitigate damages resulting from the offensive statements. A defendant who sends out a message without regard to the truthfulness of its content can plead the justification of innocence. For instance, the post office’s accountability is delivering letters which are defamatory, since it is not aware of content of the letter. Unusual defense is that of voilence non fit injury where the plaintiff consented to t he allocation of the statement. As a rule, tort lawsuits in opposition to a next of kin are brought apart from any divorce, termination or other relative’s law case. New York, Alabama, Georgia, and Tennessee, however, it allows or encourages combining the tort case with relations law case; Alabama requires it. An individual can also become a public figure by appealing in actions which produce public relations within a thin area of attention. For example, a lady named Terry kolas was insulted by a television show; Already married with offspring, and wrote correspondence to advertisers in order to try upholding them from stopping their cling up for the show. Ms. Kolas’s actions made her became the center of mockery in a very big way. As these jokes existed in her public outlook, normally making fun Mrs. Kola being formal and critical, they were exempted since she was a limited public figure. While individuals targeted by lies May decide to sue, there are important reasons why activities for offence may not turn out to be what is expected. The public relations resulting from a denouncement lawsuit can generate a larger audience for the counterfeit statements which had been initially made. If a magazine or news show comes up with a story of a lawsuit, false allegations previously not known to many may immediately be made public. As Medias are much more suitable to air proceedings in a lawsuit than covering their eventual resolution, the remaining outcome may be that people heard of the defamatory statements, but under no circumstances learn how the court case resolute. Another emerging issue is that offense cases may be hard to win, and small rewards given alternatively after the case is done. Attorneys taking up this type of cases are not normally openly willing to take a contingent fee, and if suddenly if the fees is added, there may be a guarantee that denouncement action will be successful and can be in excess of the total amount claimed. Another substantial or main worry in most cases is that, no matter if a statement made may be totally false, the plaintiff can luck to come up with substantial evidence to prove defamation. In such cases people look at it in the form that the plaintiff lost by understanding that the alleged statements were true. For such selected cases, a defamation action can be used to bring about or to come up with a reasonable or logic sum of money to claim liability, can possibly face apparently negative publicity that may ultimately lead to falsefully accusing and innocent person, and if it supposedly doesn’t succeed, it may be reasonable to conclude that all what was said might have some composed truth in it. Normally, while many plaintiffs have the capability to succeed in prosecuting defamation actions, the opposite should also be adequately evaluated or considered when reaching an agreement on if or not litigation should be pursued. Defamation is said to be a statement which brings about not a so good character of a government, person, group, company, country or product (Simmons, 2007). The statement is given in a way that it tends to appear totally true, but alternatively it is not true but totally and completely false. Defamation may also be considered to be committed in various ways such as gestures, sounds, spoken words or sign language. Defamation can be in many different ways. This ways may be like in the form of pictures, printed words or libel. In order for a statement qualify to be defamation, the claim at hand has to be made falsefully, but has to be well composed in order to appear true, and the supposed false information to be spread over to different people not involved in exception of those being defamed. If one believes that you are indeed a supposedly victim of defamation, what is right to do in order to get you can get justice is to bring a civil suit. However, the greatest challenge is trying to bring out that the statement made was not true; next is to try and show how much damage that false statement did to you; show how baseless the statement made was and how it lucks evidence as to whether it is true or a lie. There are different types of offenses that are defamation per se, this means that the insult is given and there is no need to make available proof of damage. Defamation per se occurs when an important person claims with no prove that one has a foul disease, like an STD, when someone wrongly claims that one is guilty of sexual criminal behavior, or when someone claims that one is not fit to conduct a business. In such defamation per se cases, the only evidence required is that the declaration was made. When the denouncement is a statement that is made against public figures recognized by masses of people, like government members, performing artists, large corporation’s officers and enough evidence must be present so as to win in a lawsuit (Yeats, 2005). The defamed individual must offer prove that any statement liable was made with actual malice and with taking no notice of the truth, the person who has been defamed must have done so with the objective of doing harm with a reckless pay no attention to for the truth. If you have been the injured party of the offense, the best action to take is talk to a libel and slander attorney who will easily help you recover the damages made during the entire process. Public policy granting merchant’s immunity from false imprisonment and detaining innocent persons is a good defense in virtually all jurisdictions, if an individual makes an opinion opposing truthfulness of a fact, that the declaration may not affect any action carried out on evidence presented. On viewing a statement as an expression of piece of evidence or opinion it can depend upon its background, not regarding the fact that defendant making the statement is normally seen and believed by the community to know how true a statement is. Legally, torts are communal wrongs and not considered as criminal wrongs. Some tort acts like battery, however, they may occur to be both torts and crimes; the criminal may be in a position to face both civil and criminal sentence. Under long-established law, relatives were forbidden from accusing each other in an action for tort. The justification laid down those permitting members of a family to sue each other would lead to family breakdowns. However, today, many states have been acquainted with that if family members commit a tort to someone else; where there are a relative’s relations. Thus, they no longer forbid a wronged member from suing the other. In these states, next of kin may sue one another either during their marriage period or after separation. An injury shows that one is in the mistaken; hence the phrase and the person responsible for tort show one of his/her wrong. Torts may be dedicated to other forces such as trespass, which may be damage to the individual, may include imprisonment; property ownership; or may be dedicated without any force. Torts of this normal olden time are to the absolute or relation constitutional rights of an individual’s, or to personal property in ownership or real property, in possession, reversion or incorporeal, : the damages may either be by misfeasance or nonfeasance. Defamation may be in a very small amount of other forms similar to them, To be considered offense, example, in televisions, the indictment has to be false and has to be impacted some truth in them, to be aired to the nation other than the individual being defamed. If one is seen and believed to have been a victim of offense, one is liable to justice by introducing a communal suit. However, there need to be provision that the statement made was phony; prove that the statement did harm to the accused; and prove that the alleged defamatory statements were made without due regard to their truthfulness or that they would amount to an innuendo. One acted ethically by hiring an investigator to obtain the information though behind their back. He used unusual categories of denouncement to bring them to justice. There are different types of denouncement per which means and exemplify that the defamation is a given and not necessary have to provide proof of harm. It is trite to conclude that even thought in most torts intention or motive is irrelevant, this only applies as a general rule. Thus, as an exception to this general rule, in tort of defamation intention is relevant and that’s why malice has to be established in every claim for defamation.